Coal-dust and liquid-puel engine



H. L. KNUDSEN. coAL' DusT AND uoum FUEL ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 2. 1915- Pateuted June 10, 1919.

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lll/1 A@Mica new H. L. KNUDSEN. COAL DUST AND LIQUID FUEL ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 2. I9I5.

Patented June 10, 1919.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

gnvmroz Jiba/02 35.3 l @MIK arr-m? Witnesses 2W APPLICATION FILED 0CT.2. I9I5 Patented June 10, 1919.

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H. L. KNUDSEN. COAL DUST AND LIQUID FUEL ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 2. 1915.

Patented .l une l0, 1919.

5 SHEETS*SHEET 4 H. L. KNUDSEN.

com DUST AND LIQUID FUEL ENGINE.

APPLILTON FILED OCT. '2. 1915.

PII I'eIIteI June l0, 1919.

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mark, reslding at St. Charles,

UNrTEn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, HANS LADEGAARD KNUDSEN, a citizen of the Kin dom of Den- 1n the county of St. Charles and 'State of Missouri, have invented, certain new and useful Improvements in Coal-Dust and Liquid-Fuel En. gines, of which the following is a speclfication.

The present invention relates to internal combustionen ines, adapted to operate with a finely divifad or powdered s olid fuel, such as powdered coal, and also a ll'quld fuel, such aslcrude oil, its distillates, alcohol, and other hydrocarbons, in a liquid form.

Animportant object of the invention is to provide an engine of the above mentioned character, having means for thoroughly mixing the fuel and placing the same under sure, prior to its ignition.

A further object of the invention is' to suitable presprovide an englne of the above mentioned character, which is highly eiiicient and reliable in operation.

Other objects and advanta es of the invention will be apparent durlng the course of the following description.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and in which like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same,

Figure l 1s a central longitudinal vertical sectional view through an engine embodying the invention, parts thereof being omitted,

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a plan view being-omitted and section,

-Fig. 4 is a detail section through a valve gear, associated elements being shown in elevation, y

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 2-2 of. Fig. 1, showing the combustion chamber in another position, Fig. 6 isa vdetail section dered solid fuel feeding device, p

Fig. 7 is a similar view through a Aliquid fuel feeding device, v

Fig. 8 is a sideelevation of the valve gear, shownin Fig. 4,

Fig. 9 is'a central vertical longitudinal sectional view through the cylinder head and cylinder of an engine embodying a slightly of the engine, parts parts being shown in Specification of Letters Patent.

powdered or liquid, with air through a pow- Patented June 10, 1919.

R Application led October 2, 1915. Serial N o. 53,754.

different form of the invention, parts of the cylinder being broken away,l and,

Fig. 10 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 10-.10 of Fig. 9.

In the drawings, wherein for the purpose of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention, the numeral 10 designates a preferably horizontally arranged power cylinder, embodying the usual water jacket l1. Mounted to reciprocate within the power cylinder 10 is a piston 11', y providedat its inner end with a tapered head 12, decreasing in diameter inwardly,l asshown. The en 'ne is preferably of the two cycle type, and-1 the cylinder 10 -is provided at or near the end of the outward or power stroke of the piston with exhaust port or portsand air inletl port or ports l(not shown), which are uncovered when the piston 11 reaches the end of its power stroke. While the products of combustion are passing through thel exhaust port, fresh or scavenging air is introduced 4into the lower portion of the cylinder 10 through the 80 air inlet portI by means of a separate pump, crank case compression, step cylinder and piston construction or any other ofthe commonly used two cycle constructions. This air aids in expelling the products of cornbustion from the cylinder through the exhaust port and upon the return or compression stroke of the piston, it is entrapped, and compressed, as will be .more fully explained. l' 90 The cylinder lO'is provided with a head," designated as a whole by the numeral 13, preferably having a water jacket 14, as shown. Disposed between the head 13 and the cylinder 10 is a dividing-bridge 15, pref-4 erably having a water space 16, as shown. Thisv dividing-bridge is provided upon its front face wlth a recess, shaped to receive the tapered end 12 of the' piston 11, for providing the maximum compression.

The cylinder head 13 is provided with a cylindrical opening orbore 17, having itsl inner end tapered, as shown at 18, and leading into a reduced vtubular .extension or sleeve 19, carrying a stuffing box 20, as shown. The opening 17 and the opening or bore of the cylinder 10 preferabl haven common longitudinal -axis, while the invention is in no sense restricted to'this arrangement, as shown. Disposed within the opening 17 .is a turning or rotary combustion chamber or casing 21, preferably provided iployed forcsupplying cool ed within or through the stufing box 20, as

Any suitable means may beO eming water into the tubular stem 23, as is obvious.

The combustion chamber or casing 21 has its forward or outer end coveredby a plate\ or head 24, preferably formed integral therewith, and provided with preferably shown.

' segmental openings or ports 25, as shown.

.providing an inwardl extending flange or Attention is called to the fact that the lower or bottom ports 25 are spaced inwardly -for a substantial 'distance from the inner wall of the combustion chamber 21, thus projection, which wil prevent slacks or ashes being drawn into the cylinder. This head is also provided with a mixing opening or port 26, as shown. The dividingbridge 15 is provided with preferably segmental openings or ports 27, adapted4 for j registration with the ports 25, as will be more fully explained.

The combustion chamber is provided in its periphery with -a longitudinally extending mixing 'chamber 28, having no communication with the opening or space 22, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. One end of this longitudinally extending= mixing chamber is closed or covered by a vscrew-threaded plug 29, or the like, as shown.- The mixing chamber 28 is provided upon its outer side with fuel opening or openings 30, adapted to be moved into and out of registration with the inner end of a fuel chamber 31, as shown.

Extending into the fuel chamber 31 is a tubular valve-seat 32, providing a chamber 33, and a seat 34, for thev reception of an inwardly opening valve 35. This valve iscarriedby a valve-stem 36, mounted to i reciprocate within a longitudinal opening formed through a plug 37, held in place by bolts 38, or, the like, as shown. The valvestem 36 is moved outwardly for seating the valve 35, by acompressible coil spring 39, as shown. Means for moving the valve stem 36 inwardly will be described hereinafter.

As more clearly shown in Fig. 2, the plug or casting 37 is provided with a longitudinal port or passage 40, having its inner end comf municating with thechamber 33, as shown.

. The outer end of the port 40 leads into a transverse port 41, as shown. v

As clearly shown in Fig. 2, the plug 37 is provided with a lateral extension 42, having a conical opening 43, receiving a turning valve This valve is provided with a pocket or opening- 45, having a port 46 communicating with itslower end, as shown.

fuel holding' hopper 46', having the bottom of its opening preferably tapered and adapted for registration with the upper end of' the pocket 45, when the valve 44 is in the starting position. When the valve 4-4 has moved to the end of its feeding movement, the pocket 45 is in registration with the port 41, as shown in Fig. 6. The port 46 will then register with acompressed air supply port 47, having communication with a check valve 48, which opens in the direction of the arrow, as shown. This check valve is connected with a pipe, which leads to a source of compressed air, such as'a compressed air storage tank (not shown). The lateral extension or casting 42 is also provided with an exhaust port 49, which communicates with the atmosphere, and is adapted to tem@ porarily register with the port 46, as the pocket 45 is being returned to the normal position and before it reaches such normal position. The means for@ effecting the turning movement of the valve 44 will be explained hereinafter.

Discharging into the fuel chamber 31 is an air supply port 50, which leads to theA inner end of the cylinder l0, as more clearly shown in Fig. 1. The intakeoend of the port 50 is adapted to be covered or closed by an inwardly `seating valve 51, carried by a This causes an intimate mixture of the air and powdered solid fuel, which passes in two volumes through openings or apertures 55, into the combustion chamber 21. The apertures 55 are preferably formed ine or minute and serve to spray the powdered fuel and air evenly over the entire area of the combustion chamber 21.

The combustion chamber or casing 21 is provided with an ash discharge or exhaust opening 56, adapted for movement intoand out of registration with an opening or port 57. The passage ofashes or the like through the port 57 is controlled by an upwardly opening valve 58, rigidly attached to a valve stem 59, moved downwardly by a compres sible coil spring 60. The means formovbridge portion 54, causing it to be deflected in opposite directions and tov'pass into the 4opposite ends of the mixing chamber 28.

the .valve-stem 36,

ing the valve stem 59 upwardly will be -exg plained hereinafter.

As clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the numeral 61 designates a lay-shaft, preferably driven by the crank shaft of the engine and journaled through a stationary bearing 61. This lay-shaft carries and rotates a cam-62,

a push rod 63. IThe upper end of this push rod is pivotally connected with a rock-arm or lever 64, which is rigidly mounted upon a common rock-shaft 65, journaled through a bearing 66, as shown'. The rocker-arm 64 carries at its outer end an adjusting bolt 67, adapted to contact as shown. Rigidly mounted upon the common rock-shaft 65 is a rocker arm or lever 68, provided at its free end with a depending head 69, having gear teeth 70, tol mesh l rigidly attached to the valve 44, for turnlng it. such that it will properly alternately move the pocket 45 into registration with th'e bottom of the opening of the hopper 46 and the port 41, but will notmove it beyond these points. A rocker arm lor lever 72 is also rigidly mountedupon the rock-shaft 65 and is provided with an adjustingbolt 73, at its free end, to contact with the valve stem 52, and move it inwardly. It is thus apparent when the cam 62 effects the upward movement'of the rod 63, the valve \44 is turned to place the pocket- 45 in registration with port 41 and the port 46 into registration with port 47; the valve 35 is opened; and the valve 51 is closed. The closing of the valve 51 prevents the passage of the powdered solid fuel into the cylinder l0 through the port 50. It is obvious that Vvalve 51 must close port 50 in advance of opening the valve 35 and while this may be accomplished by one common cam 62, as shown, separate cams and rocker-arms may as well be used for this purpose.

The numeral 74 designates a lower rocker arm or lever pivoted to a support'75, as shown at 76. This rocker arm 1s provided at its outer end' with an adjusting bolt 77 disposed in contact with and moves 'the valve stem 59. upwardly for openingV the valve 58'. The rocker arm 74-is swung or moved by a cam 78, rigidly mounted upon the lay-shaft 61, as shown. As clearly shown in Fig. 5, when the rocker arm 74 is moved to open the valve 58, the opening or port 56-is in registration with the openingor port 57, and the openings 30 have no reglstration with the 'bottom' of the fuel' chamber 31.

As morel clearly shown in Figs. 41 and 4, the tubular stem 23 has a depending crank 78', rigidly mounted thereon. This dependj 1 connection with a crank has pivotal The outer end` of push ro [or p1tman79.

this

which reciprocates or moves y with and move with a pinion 71,-

The extent of travel of the lever 68 is apertures 102.

push rod 79 is forked, as shown at 80, in'

ig. 3, and apertured for receiving a transverse pm 81, operating within elongated slots 82, formed in the sides lof a tubular portion 83 of a housing 84. The pin 81 passes through' an openln in a pu'sh rod 84', and a carriage 85, cgisposed thereon.

he carriage is disposed to reciprocate in the tubular portion 83. Surrounding the l portion 83 and serves to move the push rod 84 inwardly.v The housing 84 'is cylindrical mounted upon a portion of As more clearly shown in the push rod 84 projects 84 and is adapted to be 89, rigidly mounted upon the lay-shaft 6 1. In order that the timing of the operation ofthe combustion chamber 2l may be regulated or adjusted, means are provided to sli htly turn the-housing 84 with respect to tide cam 89, saidcam remaming permanently stationary with relation to the lay-shaft 61. his means comprises an-upstanding crank 90, (Figs. 4 and 8) rigidly attached to the upper portion of the housing 84, and having a slot 91, for receiving a pin or trunnion 92, secured to a movable carriage 93.' The movement of this carriage is effected bymeans ol' a feed screw 3', operating .through a` screw-threaded opening formed therein and carried in bearings at the ends of a stationary bracket 94. In Fig. 7, isA shown a valve structure to be' substituted for' the sociated elements, and when ploye to o erate the engine. This valve structure ein ldies a body portion or plug 94', adaptqd to extend into the outer portion'of the chamber 31. The inner end of the plu is reduced, as shown at 95, and this reduce tubular portion is vcovered by an apertured plug 96, serving to spray the liquid fuel. Leading into the tubular portion 95 is a cylindrical opening or port 97,

which is employed valve 35 and' as-v which, is normally'closed by an upwardly having a lower flanged end, provided with Surrounding the sleeve 101 1s a coil sprin 103, serving to-.move the valve 98 upwar ly upon its seat. A tubular cap 104 is attached to the plug 94 and is provided with a chamber 105, having communication with a' port 106. Leading into the port 106 .is a pipe 107 communicating which is timed in with an oil 'feed pump,

, type,

stricted to this feature. Assummgthat the.

its operation, to feed the oil into the fuel.,-v chamber 31, at the proper time.

`The valve 98 is automatically opened upon the feed-V ing ofthe liquid fuel, and serves as a Icheck va ve to prevent the back flow of, pressure. When operating on liquid fuel the valve 51 and'A associated elements are eliminated and if the fuel used is clean and contains no ash or at least only a`negligible amount the ash valve 58 and associated ele ments are also dispensed with, thus sim-` plifying the engine considerably.

The operation of theengine, using powdered solid fuel, is as follows:

The engine, as shown, is of the two cycle while the invention is in no sense refuel chamber 31 has been charged or filled with the pulverized solid fuel, such as pulverized coal, the cylinder 10 will be filled with fresh air, and the piston 11 is upon its return orpcompression stroke. The combustion chamber 21 will then assume the position indicated in Fig. 5, whereby ports 25 and 27 will he in registration, theopenings 30 out of registration with the fuel chamber 31, and the port 56 in registration with the port 57. The powdered solid fuel is now confined within this fuel chamber 31, while the pressure in the combustion chamber 21 and the cylinder 10 is fully equalized, due to the free communication between them, through the large ports 25 and 27, now in registration. At a proper point in the compression stroke (which may depend upon the nature of the fuel) and before the piston 11 reaches d'ead center, the combustion chamber 21 is turned, to assume the position, shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The ports 25 and 27 arel now moved out of re istration, and the forward end of the com ustion chamber 21 accordingly closed with exception of the mix-` ing port 26 which is now in registration with the lower port 27. Substantially simultaneously with the covering or closing of these ports, the openings 30 are brought into registration with the fuel chamber 31, valve 51 being opened. Pressure is quickly built up in this fuel chamber 31, far in excess of the pressure in the combustion chamber -21 as ort' 26 and also holes 30 are very small.

he air then rushes through port 50, fuel chamber31, and through openings 30 into the mixing chamber 28. This air blows or carries the powdered solid fuel or coal with' it, and when the same contacts with the bridge 54, this air laden with the coal dust, is deflected in opposite directions and divides and passes into the opposite ends'of the mixing chamber 28. By contact with the bridge 54, the powdered coal carried by the air is set into violent motion, yevenly divided thoroughly mixed with the air and held in suspension in the mixing chamber count of the high temperature to which this charge is subjected as it enters the combustion chamber, due to the high degreeof compression which is ordinarily ve hundred pounds to the square inch, suchv charge is fired or ignited. The function' of the mixing hole 26, at the forward end of the com bustion chamber 21, is to create a counter stream of air for keeping the pulverized coal mixed and suspended in the air in the combustion chamber, during combustion," and thereby eect a complete and ellicient combustion thereof. The combustion having thus taken place and completed, and thepis ton having passed the deadA center, or perhaps a little in advance of it, the combustion chamber is again turned to the position shown in Fig. 5. The openings 30 are again moved out of registration with the fuel chamber and the ports 25 brought into registration with the ports 27 The products of combustion or highly compressed gases now discharge through the registering ports into the cylinder 10 and drive the piston forwardly upon its power stroke, at the lend of which, the exhaust port and' air inlet port at the outer end of the cylinder, are uncovered by the piston and the products of combustionv exhausted to the atmosphere and fresh air supplied into the cylinder, Awhich aids in expelling these products of combustion. This fresh air may be supplied into the cylinder by meansnof a fresh air pump or by means of' crank case compresslon, a

with the port 57, the ash valve 58 is opened and' the ashes which remain in the combustion chamber from the products of combustion, by means of the pressure in the combus-v tion chamber, are blown or exhausted to the atmosphere through the port 57. During the expansion or power4 stroke of the piston, exhausting, scavenging, air charging and a part of the compression stroke, the combustion chamber 21 is in the position shown in Fig. 5, whereby the openings 30 are covered and have no communication withv the fuel chamber 31. At a point in the cycle, where there is the lowest pressure in the cylinder 10, which is ordinarily somewhere during the air charging' period, the valve 51 moves toward its closing position and closes the intake end ofthe air port 50, thusbrealng 'tion'chamber 21. c usly-with-'thev closing of-the air ort 50, the

downwar y and is' the interior of .the cylinder' 10. 'Phe fue chamber 31 then has no communication with the interior of the cylinder l0 or the combus- Substantially simultanefuel valve 35 moves opened. Upon the opening movement of the fuel valve 35, the valve 44 has been moved to the feeding position whereby its port 45 is brought into registration with the port 41 and the with the sure which is slightlyI higher than the pressure in the fuel chamber 31, at this point, is fed through the 46, and into pocket 45. This -compressed air forces or blows the powdered carbon from the pocket 45 into port41, through port 44, into the chamber 33. Just at `the moment ofthe opening of fuel valve 3 5, the ,powdered coal is blown into the fuel chamber 31, and is held therein, as it is now closed. After the fuel chamber 31 is charged, the valve 35 is closed, the pressure in the cylinder 10, increases over that in fuel chamber 31, whereupon the valve 51 opens air port 50 again, whereby the chamber31 isplaced in cylinder,

communication with the interior of the cylinder through the medium of the port 50; When .the valve 35 is closed andl the valve 51 opened, the valve 44 is also returned toits normal or starting position, and in so do-l ing, the port 46 is moved into temporary registration with the port pocket 45 is temporarily nication with the atmosp ere. This enables the exhaust'of any pressure, to lthe atmosphere, which .may and prevents the next charge fed into the pocket from being impropenly blown upwardly therefrom into the hopper 46.

In the operation of the engine with liquid fuel, such fuel or oilis delivered throu h the pipe 107, control of a governor, past the fuel valve 98. The operation of the fuel pump ,is

timed, so that it does notlcommence to op.A

erate until a certain'point in the compression'stroke is reached, that is when thecombustion chamber 21 has been turned to brin openings 30 into registration with the fue .chamber 31. The val communication with theA linterior of the the fuel chamber has been turned -to the position valve 51 can be dispensed' with.

The liquid lfuel pump' being operated, as above indicated, the fuel is forced through the fineopenings 96, into the fuel chamber subsequently into port 46 brought into registration -Th port-47. ,Compressed air or presfcylinderlt; In check valve 48, port 47, port v corresponding to 'the' openin 49, whereby thev pllaceL into commube confined in the pocket,

" of the invention or by means of a pump under t e vev 51 being dispensed with, this fuel chamber -is always lin free' during the compression stroke. As f charging when liquid fuel is used, does not commence until thecombustion;

supplymeans there subjected tothe action the incoming air', which is carbureted thereby,

and passesinto the mixing chamber28- an'd f 21, wher e combustion takes place and the remainder of the operation is` substantially identical withthatherein'above stated. e. i

In Figs. 9 and 10, I have shown" a slightly dlfferent Iform of engine, iparts of which have been correspondingly numbered tonthose embodledin .the rst form of thej invention. e change consists principally in arran ing the combustion chamber 21 at substantlally the combustion chamber a right angle to the longitudinal axis ofthe j lng bridge 15 is cast integral with the *cylinf der head 13. The combustion chamber 21 thisA constructionthe divid# has its opposite ends closed and is provided in its periphery with an opening 2 5', corresponding tothe openings 25 in the first form of the lnvention. The" dividing brid'ge 15 is provided with an opening 27 for registration with the opening 25', the opening 27` 27. The mixmg opening'26 is arranged 1n the of the combustion 4chamber 21, a's s own. All other parts of the engine remain identical with thosegshown nection with the first form of the invention and it is thought'that'no further description n 95 The operation of the second form vof en identical with that of thereof need be given.`

gine is substantially the irst form, and therefore will not be re-` c1te l It is to be understood' that the forms of my invention herewith shown and described are to be taken' as preferred examples of the same, and that varlous changes in the shape, size, and arrangement of parts Amay be resorted to without departing from the spirit the scope 4of the subjoined claims.

Having thus described claimis: .M v

1. vIn an engine of the character described,l a cylinder,'a piston mounted to a movable combustion Vchamber having .and described in conetV peri hery' los the invention, whatv 11oV move therein,

means which are controlled by the'movement ofthe combustion chamber' forplacing it into .and out of communication with the cylinder, `and means whereby pressure from the cylinder serves combustion chamber. e

2. In an engine of the character described, a cylinder, a piston mounted to move therein, a movable combustion chamber arranged near the cylinder and having chamber having means of 'communication with the combustion chamber, and fuel adapted to be placed into cornto forcefuel into the a mixing munication with the mixing chamber and having communication with the cylind'er.

3. In an engine of the character described chamber discharging into the combustion chamber means for controlling the communication between the combustion chamber and the cylinder, and a stationary fuel chamber adapted to be placed in communication with the mixing chamber andhaving meansof .communication with lthe cylinder.

4. In an engine of the character described, a cylinder, a piston mounted to move therein, a movable combustion chamber arranged near the cylinder and having a mixing chamber discharging into the combustion chamber and provided with inlet means means for controlling the communication combustion chamber and the cylinder, a fuel chamber disposed adjacent to the combustion chamber and adapted'to have registration with the inlet means of the mixing .chamber and having means of communication with the cylinder, and ymeans to move the combustion chamber.

5. In an engine of the character described; a cylinder; a piston mounted tomove therein; a cylinder head having a dividing bridge rovided with a port in communication-with the interior of the cylinder, said cylinder head having a pressure port adapted for communication with the interior of the cylinder; a pivoted combustion chamber .arranged within the cylinder head and having a port adapted to be moved into and out o registrationwith the rst named port, and having an opening adapted receive an explosive charge from proxi ity to lthe pressure port of the cylinder head which communicates with the cylinder; means for supplying fuel in proximity to the last named port; and means to turn the combustion y chamber.

6. In anengine of the character described; a cylinder; a piston mounted to move therein; a cylinder head having a dividing bridge provided with a port and connected with the cylinder; a ivoted combustion chamber arranged within the cylinder head and having a port adapted to be moved into and out of registration with the first named port, said combustion chamber being provided in its peripheryv with a mixing chamber communicating with the interior thereof and having -inlet means, said cylinder head having a fuel chamber adapted to be brought into and out of registration with and from the inlet means and having means of communication with the interior of the c linder; andl means to turn the combustion c amber.

7 In an engine of the character described; a cylinder; a piston mountedto move therein; a cylinder head arranged near one end of the cylinder and provided with a fuel chamberhaving a port adapted to communibetween the cate withthe interior of the cylinder; a dividing brid e disposed between the cylinder head and t e cylinder and 'having a port;`

a pivoted combustion chamber arranged within the cylinder head and having a port or ports adapted to be moved into and out of registration with the first named port, said combustion chamber being provided in its periphery with a mixing chamber having communication with the interior of the combustion chamber and provided with inlet means adapted to be moved into and out of registration'with the fuel chamber; a valve toopen and close the port communicating with the fuel chamber and cylinder; valve controlled means to supply fuel into the fuel chamber; and means to turn the combustion chamber. y

8. In an engine of the character described;

4a cylinder; a piston mounted to move therein; a cylinder head arranged near one end of the cylinder and having a fuel chamber -provided with a port'adapted to communicate with the interior of the cylinder, said cylinder head being provided witha dividing bridge which isconnected with the cylinder and has a port; a pivoted combustion valve to open and close the port communieating with the fuel chamber and cylinder; valve controlled means to supply fuel into the fuel chamber; and means to turn the combustion chamber.

9. In an engine of the character described;

'a cylinder; a piston mpunted to move therein; a cylinder head having a dividing bridge connected with the cylinder` and provided with a port; a pivoted combustion chamber arranged within the cylinder head and having-a port adapted for movement into and out of registration with the irst named port, said combustion chamber b eing provided with a mixing chamber having means of communication therewith and having an ash exhaust port; means for supplying fuel to the mixingchamber; and means to turn the combustion chamber.

10. In an engine of the character described, a cylinder, a piston mounted to move therein, a ycombustion chamber connected with the cylinder and having means for making and breaking communication between the interior of the cylinder and the ntsc/etseinfefibfr '10i' the @datation climbed-"ana meanswhereby pressure--from the -cglinder serves to -force fuelv 'into the com ustion 1' chamber.,l '1

.11. In',y an engine of" the character cle-- means andv an scribed; 'a cylinder; a piston mounted to vmo've 'therein asing connected with `the 'l with the cylinder after the completion of the \eh combustion; a fuel chamber adapted to have4 communication with-'the interior of the combustion chamber'and/'havig a ort leading thereto; a valve'casing havlng el holdingA 12. In an engine `'of the character d escribed; a 'piston mounted to move therein;

cylinder during charge Within the chamber-fv and having' combustion;

means, an a1r move therein a means 'to place the same in communication -With the cylinder afterthe completion of the' a fuel chamber adaptedtohave communication with the-interior ofthe com' bustion chamber and having a port leading thereto; a valve casing'having fuel 'holding pressure vsupply port, andy an exhaust port; a valve mounted to t'urn within the valve casing and provided with a pocket'adaptedto be alternately moved into registration With the first named the fuelholding means, said lvalve having a port leading into the pocket andadapted to bemoved into registrationwith the air supply port and the exhaust port; and .means to turn the valve. v "1-3. IIn an engine of the character de' scribed; a cylinder; a piston mounte to cylinder headv having adivlding bridge provided with a port and connected with the cylinder; a separate combustion chamber mounted to turn within the pleted in the combustion chambery -whereby pressure in the cylinder serves to compress the charge'in the combustion chamber; means to turn the combustion chamber; .and means to adjust theturning means `for 0air'pressure supply port; a l,

timing the -A -'peratidn of the" combustion chamber. 14. In .an' e er;`v a piston mounted to move therein; acylinder head having adivldin "bridge provided-with a port and connec with the amber in registration withthe rst named port for providing a flangeor rib for preventing hes or the like passing into the cylinder; and means 'to move the combustion chamber. r l

15. In an ngine of the characterdescribed; na' cylinder; a piston'mounted to Imove therein; a cylinder with the cyli-nder and havmg a port-, coma pivoted combustion chamber arranged vwithin the cylinder .head

cylinder; a pivoted'combus-'- et gine of the character de- 1'" ja vcylind .headfconnected4 and having a portadapteld to be moved into 'registration With th'eirst named port, said pombustion chamber being 'fu-rther provided h azmixing opening arranged near the pont in the ranged to .be

moved lnto registration with of the' cylinder and means to move the combustion chamber.

combustion chamber, andy ar-' 16. In an'. engine ofthe character de- I scribed, fa cylinder, v a piston mounted to move therein, a movable combustion chamyber having' meams for placing said combustion chamberl into. and out of communication with the cylinder, means for moving the combustioncham'ber and suitably timing it in .its movement, and means whereby pressure from'the cylinders serves to force' fuel into the combustion chamber.

In an engine ofthe character described, a cylinder, a piston mounted to re# cinnocateftherein, a- 'separate combustion chamber associated withthe cylinder, means the separate combustion ber, means whereby Athe fuel inthe combustion chamber is compressed by the pressure Within the cylinder, whereby the Vcombustion chamber has no communication with the cylinder during the period of combustion f the charge within the combustion chamber and is placed into chamber, and 'means completely breaking 3 ioeoe Acominunicsition between the cylinder and Intestmony whereof I. affix my signad comustion ohwmber during the period og ture 1n presence of two witnesses.

com ustion an bo discharge the products o y combustion from the combustion chamber IDIANS LADLGAAB'D hN-UDSEN' 5 into the cylinder after the combustion has Wltnessest been completed Within the combustion cham- R. L. BARTON, ber; G. ELV1N. 

